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Abe H, Natsume M, Asakawa S, Okazaki Y, Hirahara K, Maeda Y, Asano T, Marumo S. 2000. Effect of blue light on endogenous brassinosteroid activity and leaf unrolling in rice seedlings. ITE Letters on Batteries, New Technologies & Medicine 1: 781-785

Asami T, Min YK, Nagata N, Yamagishi K, Takatsuto S, Fujioka S, Murofushi N, Yamaguchi I, Yoshida S. 2000. Characterization of brassinazole, a triazole-type brassinosteroid biosynthesis inhibitor. Plant Physiology 123: 93-99**

Back TG, Janzen L, Nakajima SK, Pharis RP. 2000. Effect of chain length and ring size of alkyl and cycloalkyl side-chain substituents upon the biological activity of brassinosteroids. Preparation of novel analogues with activity exceeding that of brassinolide. Journal of Organic Chemistry 65: 3047-3052**

Back TG, Nakajima SK, Zhu JL. 2000. Synthesis of 25-hydroxy-, 26-hydroxy- and 25,26-dihydroxybrassinolide. Synlett 1649-1651

Bajguz A. 2000. Blockade of heavy metals accumulation in Chlorella vulgaris cells by 24-epibrassinolide. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 38: 797-801

Bajguz A. 2000. Effect of brassinosteroids on nucleic acids and protein content in cultured cells of Chlorella vulgaris. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 38: 209-215

Barlier I, Kowalczyk M, Marchant A, Ljung K, Bhalerao R, Bennett M, Sandberg G, Bellini C. 2000. The SUR2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana encodes the cytochrome P450CYP83B1, a modulator of auxin homeostasis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 97: 14819-14824

Bieberach CY, De Leon B, Teme Centurion OM, Ramirez JA, Gros EG, Galagovsky LR. 2000. Preliminary study on the effect of two synthetic brassinosteroids on the in vitro growth of yuca, yam and pinapple. Anales de la Asociacion Quimica Argentina 88: 1-7

Braam J. 2000. The Arabidopsis TCH genes: Regulated in expression by mechanotransduction? NATO Science Series, 3: High Technology 83: 29-37

Chinnamuthu CR, Sivamurugan AP, Balasubramanian A. 2000. A new chemical brassinolide in combination with fertilizer levels to improve the seed setting percentage in sunflower. Acta Agronomica Hungarica 48: 171-176

Choe S, Tanaka A, Noguchi T, Fujioka S, Takatsuto S, Ross AS, Tax FE, Yoshida S, Feldman KA. 2000. Lesions in the sterol D⁷-reductase gene of Arabidopsis cause dwarfism due to a block in brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Plant Journal 21: 431-443**

Cruciani G, Crivori P, Carrupt PA, Testa B. 2000. Molecular fields in quantitative structure-permeation relationships: the VolSurf approach. Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM 503: 17-30**

Cunillera N, Boronat A, Ferrer A. 2000. Spatial and temporal patterns of GUS expression directed by 5' regions of the Arabidopsis thaliana farnesyl diphosphate synthase genes FPS1 and FPS2. Plant Molecular Biology 44: 747-758**

de Azevedo MBM, Alderete J, Zullo MAT, Salva TJG, Duran N. 2000. Brassinosteroids: a new class of plant hormones. Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Controlled Release of Bioactive Materials 1364-1365

Diener AC, Li HX, Zhou WX, Whoriskey WJ, Nes WD, Fink GR. 2000. STEROL METHYLTRANSFERASE 1 controls the level of cholesterol in plants. Plant Cell 12: 853-870**

Espinoza L, Bulat F, Coll D, Coll F, Preite MD, Cortes M. 2000. Synthesis and plant growth-activity of three new brassinosteroids analogues. Synthetic Communications 30: 1963-1974

Friedrichsen DM, Joazeiro CAP, Li JM, Hunter T, Chory J. 2000. Brassinosteroid-insensitive-1 is a ubiquitously expressed leucine-rich repeat receptor serine/threonine kinase. Plant Physiology 123: 1247-1255**

Fujioka S, Noguchi T, Sekimoto M, Takatsuto S, Yoshida S. 2000a. 28-Norcastasterone is biosynthesized from castasterone. Phytochemistry 55: 97-101**

Fujioka S, Noguchi T, Watanabe T, Takatsuto S, Yoshida S. 2000b. Biosynthesis of brassinosteroids in cultured cells of Catharanthus roseus. Phytochemistry 53: 549-553**

Goetz M, Godt DE, Roitsch T. 2000. Tissue-specific induction of the mRNA for an extracellular invertase isoenzyme of tomato by brassinosteroids suggests a role for steroid hormones in assimilate partitioning. Plant Journal 22: 515-522**

Greeve I, Hermans-Borgmeyer I, Brellinger C, Kasper D, Gomez-Isla T, Behl C, Levkau B, Nitsch RM. 2000. The human DIMINUTO/DWARF1 homolog seladin-1 confers resistance to Alzheimer's disease-associated neurodegeneration and oxidative stress. Journal of Neuroscience 20: 7345-7352**

Guo C, Fang Y. 2000. Effect of BR-120 on several crops production. Changde Shifan Xueyuan Xuebao, Ziran Kexueban, 12: 81-83

Han YC, Yang YH, Zhang H. 2000. Brassinolide increased the cell growth and shikonin formation in Onosma paniculatum cell culture. Nanjing Daxue Xuebao, Ziran Kexue, 36: 233-234

Hayat S, Ahmad A, Mobin M, Hussain A, Fariduddin Q. 2000. Photosynthetic rate, growth, and yield of mustard plants sprayed with 28-homobrassinolide. Photosynthetica 38: 469-471**

He ZH, Wang ZY, Li JM, Zhu Q, Lamb C, Ronald P, Chory J. 2000. Perception of brassinosteroids by the extracellular domain of the receptor kinase BRI1. Science 288: 2360-2363**

Hu YX, Bao F, Li JY. 2000. Promotive effect of brassinosteroids on cell division involves a distinct CycD3-induction pathway in Arabidopsis. Plant Journal 24: 693-701**

Inada S, Tominaga M, Shimmen T. 2000. Regulation of root growth by gibberellin in Lemna minor. Plant and Cell Physiology 41: 657-665**

Irismetov MP, Dzhiembaev BZ, Kharlamova TV. 2000. New derivatives of the steroidal compounds solasodine and diosgenin. Part 2. Izvestiya Ministerstva Obrazovaniya i Nauki Respubliki Kazakhstan, Natsional'noi Akademii Nauk Respubliki Kazakhstan, Seriya Khimicheskaya, 7-12

Jang JC, Fujioka S, Tasaka M, Seto H, Takatsuto S, Ishii A, Aida M, Yoshida S, Sheen J. 2000. A critical role of sterols in embryonic patterning and meristem programming revealed by the fackel mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana. Genes & Development 14: 1485-1497**

Jang MS, Han KS, Kim SK. 2000. Identification of brassinosteroids and their biosynthetic precursors from seeds of pumpkin. Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society 21: 161-164**

Jiang B, Liu Y, Zhou WS. 2000. Stereocontrolled synthesis of the 22E,24b(S)-trifluoromethyl steroidal side chain and its application to the synthesis of fluorinated analogues of naturally occurring sterols. Journal of Organic Chemistry 65: 6231-6236**

Kasukabe Y, Iwara I, Maekawa Y. 2000. Improvement of cotton fiber properties by genetic engineering. Sen-I Gakkaishi 56: P99-P103

Khripach V, Zhabinskii V, De Groot A. 2000. Twenty years of brassinosteroids: Steroidal plant hormones warrant better crops for the XXI century. Annals of Botany 86: 441-447**

Khripach VA, Zhabinskii VN, Konstantinova OV, Khripach NB. 2000. Ireland-Claisen rearrangement of steroidal D²³-22-alcohols: an application to D^22,25-24-alkyl steroid synthesis. Tetrahedron Letters 41: 5765-5767**

Kim SK, Chang SC, Lee EJ, Chung WS, Kim YS, Hwang S, Lee JS. 2000a. Involvement of brassinosteroids in the gravitropic response of primary root of maize. Plant Physiology 123: 997-1004**

Kim TW, Chang SC, Choo J, Watanabe T, Takatsuto S, Takao Y, Lee JS, Kim SY, Kim SK. 2000b. Brassinolide and [26,28-²H₆] Brassinolide are differently demethylated by loss of C-26 and C-28, respectively, in Marchantia polymorpha. Plant and Cell Physiology 41: 1171-1174**

Kim TW, Han KS, Joo SH, Kang MW, Kim SK. 2000c. Metabolism of brassinolide in suspension cultured cells of Phaseolus vulgaris. Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society 21: 1044-1046**

Kim TW, Park SH, Han KS, Choo J, Lee JS, Hwang S, Kim SK. 2000d. Occurrence of teasterone and typhasterol, and their enzymatic conversion in Phaseolus vulgaris. Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society 21: 373-374**

Kohout L, Chodounska H, Macek T, Strnad M. 2000. On steroids part CDX - Synthesis of (20S)-2a,3a-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-oxa-7a-homo-5a-pregnane-20-carboxylic acid as a brassinosteroid part of ligand for binding to affinity chromatography carriers. Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 65: 1754-1761

Koka CV, Cerny RE, Gardner RG, Noguchi T, Fujioka S, Takatsuto S, Yoshida S, Clouse SD. 2000. A putative role for the tomato genes DUMPY and CURL-3 in brassinosteroid biosynthesis and response. Plant Physiology 122: 85-98**

Kovganko NV, Sokolov SN. 2000. Novel synthesis of 5-hydroxy-5a-cholesta-2,7-dien-6-one and its Criegee hydroxylation. Chemistry of Natural Compounds 36: 590-594**

Lee S, Woffenden BJ, Beers EP, Roberts AW. 2000. Expansion of cultured Zinnia mesophyll cells in response to hormones and light. Physiologia Plantarum 108: 216-222**

Li X, Luo B, Qu Y. 2000. Effect of homobrassinolide on the growth of wheat on different fertility levels. Huazhong Nongye Daxue Xuebao 19: 417-420

Morales AD, de Armas HN, Blaton NM, Peeters OM, De Ranter CJ, Arteaga MI. 2000. Crystal structure of a (25R)-2a,3a-epoxy-5a-spirostan-6,23-dione hemi-ethyl acetate solvate. Journal of Chemical Crystallography 30: 693-697**

Mussig C, Biesgen C, Lisso J, Uwer U, Weiler EW, Altmann T. 2000. A novel stress-inducible 12-oxophytodienoate reductase from Arabidopsis thaliana provides a potential link between brassinosteroid action and jasmonic acid synthesis. Journal of Plant Physiology 157: 143-152

Nagata N, Min YK, Nakano T, Asami T, Yoshida S. 2000. Treatment of dark-grown Arabidopsis thaliana with a brassinosteroid-biosynthesis inhibitor, brassinazole, induces some characteristics of light-grown plants. Planta 211: 781-790**

Nakamura M, Mochizuki N, Nagatani A. 2000. Isolation and characterization of an Arabidopsis mutant, fireworks (fiw), which exhibits premature cessation of inflorescence growth and early leaf senescence. Plant and Cell Physiology 41: 94-103**

Nasu K, Takahashi K, Morisaki M ,Fujimoto Y. 2000. Stereochemical fate of C-26 and C-27 during the conversion of isofucosterol to sitosterol and of 24-methylenecholesterol to campesterol and dihydrobrassicasterol in Oryza sativa cell cultures. Phytochemistry 54: 381-385**

Noguchi T, Fujioka S, Choe S, Takatsuto S, Tax FE, Yoshida S, Feldmann KA. 2000. Biosynthetic pathways of brassinolide in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 124: 201-209 (corrections p 920)**

Oh MH, Ray WK, Huber SC, Asara JM, Gage DA, Clouse SD. 2000. Recombinant brassinosteroid insensitive 1 receptor-like kinase autophosphorylates on serine and threonine residues and phosphorylates a conserved peptide motif in vitro. Plant Physiology 124: 751-765**

Ono EO, Nakamura T, Rodrigues Machado S, Domingos Rodrigues J. 2000. Application of brassinosteroids to Tabebuia alba (Bignoniaceae) plants. Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia Vegetal 12: 187-194**

Park SC, Kim TW, Kim SK. 2000. Identification of brassinosteroids with 24R-methyl in immature seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris. Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society 21: 1274-1276**

Ramirez JA, Centurion OMT, Gros EG, Galagovsky LR. 2000. Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of brassinosteroid analogs. Steroids 65: 329-337**

Ramirez JA, Gros EG, Galagovsky LR. 2000. Effects on bioactivity due to C-5 heteroatom substituents on synthetic 28-homobrassinosteroid analogs. Tetrahedron 56: 6171-6180**

Ramirez JA, Mancusso R, Sarno S, Galagovsky LR. 2000. Synthesis and bioactivity of teasterone and typhasterol analogs. Molecules 5: 367-369**

Reinhardt D, Mandel T, Kuhlemeier C. 2000. Auxin regulates the initiation and radial position of plant lateral organs. Plant Cell 507-518**

Roth U, Friebe A, Schnabl H. 2000. Resistance induction in plants by a brassinosteroid-containing extract of Lychnis viscaria L. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung C, a Journal of Biosciences, 55: 552-559

Sasse JM, Corney HJ. 2000. Monitoring the effects of brassinosteroids on salt-stressed eucalypts using chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Proceedings of the 27th Annual Meeting of the Plant Growth Regulation Society of America 150-154

Schaller F, Biesgen C, Mussig C, Altmann T, Weiler EW. 2000. 12-Oxophytodienoate reductase 3 (OPR3) is the isoenzyme involved in jasmonate biosynthesis. Planta 210: 979-984**

Schmidt J, Richter K, Voigt B, Adam G. 2000. Metabolic transformation of the brassinosteroid 24-epi-castasterone by the cockroach Periplaneta americana. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung C, a Journal of Biosciences, 55: 233-239

Schmidt J, Spengler B, Voigt B, Adam G. 2000. Brassinosteroids - Structures, analysis and synthesis. In Romeo JT, Ibrahim R, Varin L, De Luca V (editors), Recent Advances in Phytochemistry (Evolution of Metabolic Pathways), pp. 385-407: Elsevier

Schrick K, Mayer U, Horrichs A, Kuhnt C, Bellini C, Dangl J, Schmidt J, Jurgens G. 2000. FACKEL is a sterol C-14 reductase required for organized cell division and expansion in Arabidopsis embryogenesis. Genes & Development 14: 1471-1484**

Schumacher K, Chory J. 2000. Brassinosteroid signal transduction: still casting the actors. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 3: 79-84**

Seto H, Fujioka S, Takatsuto S, Koshino H, Shimizu T, Yoshida S. 2000. Synthesis of 6-oxy functionalized campest-4-en-3-ones: efficient hydroperoxidation at C-6 of campest-5-en-3-one with molecular oxygen and silica gel. Steroids 65: 443-449**

Shimada Y, Fujioka S, Yoshida S. 2000. Light regulation of brassinosteroid biosynthesis at the step of C6-oxidase. Proceedings of the 27th Annual Meeting of the Plant Growth Regulation Society of America 156-161

Soeno K, Asakawa S, Natsume M, Abe H. 2000a. Reversible conversion between teasterone and its ester conjugates in lily cell cultures. Journal of Pesticide Science 25: 117-122**

Soeno K, Kyokawa Y, Natsume M, Abe H. 2000b. Teasterone-3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside, a new conjugated brassinosteroid metabolite from lily cell suspension cultures and its identification in lily anthers. Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry 64: 702-709**

Song P, Zhou X, Cao X. 2000. Biosynthesis, metabolism and physiological function of brassinosteroids. Zhiwu Shenglixue Tongxun 36: 170-175

Sung GCY, Janzen L, Pharis RP, Back TG. 2000. Synthesis and bioactivity of 6a- and 6b-hydroxy analogues of castasterone. Phytochemistry 55: 121-126**

Takatsuto S, Makiuchi K. 2000. Identification of castasterone and sterols in the seeds of Lagenaria siceraria. Nihon Yukagakkaishi 49: 169-171

Takatsuto S, Watanabe T. 2000. Synthesis of brassinosteroids: roles of synthetic organic chemistry in clarification of brassinolide biosynthesis and analysis of brassinosteroid mutants. Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry Japan 58: 86-98**

Terado I, Inoue H, Tao Y, Tsuruta Y. 2000. 3-[(1-{[4-(5,6-dimethoxy-1-oxoisoindolin-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl]sulfonyl}-pyrrolidin-2-yl)carbonylamino]phenylboronic acid as a fluorescent labeling reagent for determination of diol compounds by HPLC. Analytical Sciences 16: 881-883

Toyama S. 2000. Recent studies on brassinosteroids with special regard to the growth physiology of crop plants. Japanese Journal of Crop Science 69: 453-463**

Tsubuki M, Okita H, Kamata T, Ohinata A, Kaneko K, Honda T. 2000. Wittig rearrangement of furylmethyl ethers and application to natural product synthesis. Tennen Yuki Kagobutsu Toronkai Koen Yoshishu 42nd: 595-600

Tsurumi S, Ishizawa K, Rahman A, Soga K, Hoson T, Goto N, Kamisaka S. 2000. Effects of chromosaponin I and brassinolide on the growth of roots in etiolated Arabidopsis seedlings. Journal of Plant Physiology 156: 60-67

Uozu S, Tanaka-Ueguchi M, Kitano H, Hattori K, Matsuoka M. 2000. Characterization of XET-related genes of rice. Plant Physiology 122: 853-859**

Vardhini BV, Rao SSR. 2000. Effect of brassinosteroids on the activities of certain oxidizing and hydrolyzing enzymes of groundnut. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology 5: 89-92

Vázquez MCN, Rodríguez CMR. 2000. Brassinosteroids, new plant growth regulators with broad perspectives for agriculture: Instituto Agronômico, Campinas. 83 pp.

Wachsman MB, Lopez EMF, Ramirez JA, Galagovsky LR, Coto CE. 2000. Antiviral effect of brassinosteroids against herpes virus and arenaviruses. Antiviral Chemistry & Chemotherapy 11: 71-77**

Wang H. 2000. Brassinolides, a group of basic plant growth regulators. Nongyao 39: 11-14

Wang ZY, Chory J. 2000. Recent advances in molecular genetic studies of the functions of brassinolide, a steroid hormone in plants. In Romeo JT, Ibrahim R, Varin L, De Luca V (editors), Recent Advances in Phytochemistry (Evolution of Metabolic Pathways), pp. 409-431: Elsevier

Watanabe T, Takatsuto S. 2000. Conversion of steroidal vicinal diols to the corresponding olefinic compounds. Nihon Yukagakkaishi 49: 163-168

Watanabe T, Yokota T, Shibata K, Nomura T, Seto H, Takatsuto S. 2000. Cryptolide, a new brassinolide catabolite with a 23-oxo group from Japanese cedar pollen/anther and its synthesis. Journal of Chemical Research, Synopses, 18-19**

Yamamuro C, Ihara Y, Wu X, Noguchi T, Fujioka S, Takatsuto S, Ashikari M, Kitano H, Matsuoka M. 2000. Loss of function of a rice brassinosteroid insensitive1 homolog prevents internode elongation and bending of the lamina joint. Plant Cell 12: 1591-1605**

Yang GX, Komatsu S. 2000. Involvement of calcium-dependent protein kinase in rice (Oryza sativa L.) lamina inclination caused by brassinolide. Plant and Cell Physiology 41: 1243-1250**

Yoshida S. 2000. Regulators of plant signal transduction for healthy growth. Journal of Pesticide Science 25: 441-445**

1999

2001

(Revised December 2011)